How to do Library Research

To start your research, begin by desconstructing your assignment or project. 

Define the tasks

Read the research assignment instructions thoroughly and identify the specific tasks you are expected to accomplish. To help clarify the instructions, underline or highlight the words or phrases that describe the tasks. Contact your instructor or The Learning Commons (TLC) with questions.

Determine your research topic 

Some research assignments allow students to choose their topic. For these assignments, it is important to choose a topic that genuinely interests you, but aligns with the scope of the assignment. A topic that is too broad will be challenging to manage and a topic that is too narrow will be difficult to research. Test a couple topic ideas first by searching for background information about the topic. This will help you determine whether there are enough quality sources to meet your information needs.

Note the number and type(s) of sources 

Some research assignments specifically state how many sources you need to use in your paper. In these assignments, be sure to note this number so you can locate enough sources. On the other hand, some research assignments do not specify the number of sources needed. In these assignments, it is important to comprehensively research and interpret a topic. If you need guidance regarding the number of sources, contact your instructor. The instructions might also specify the type(s) of sources you need to use (peer-reviewed, quantitative studies, etc.). Ask a Librarian if you have questions about types of sources.   

Note the citation style and formatting

Many research assignments require students to use a specific citation style and formatting such as APA, MLA, CMS, etc. Be sure to note this information early so you use the correct style and format as you research and write. Some research assignments permit students to choose which citation style and format they use. In these cases, it is important to consistently use a single style and format throughout your entire research paper.

Note the length and due date

Some research assignments require the paper to be a specific length. Be sure to note any length requirements if they are provided. Some research assignments do not specify a length. In these assignments, it is important to comprehensively research and interpret a topic. Contact your instructor if you need guidance about how long or short your paper should be. It is also important to note the due date for the research assignment so you can plan your time between when the paper is assigned and when it is due.

Background information increases your personal understanding about a topic and helps inform your search strategy. Finding background information is important if you are unfamiliar with the topic or unsure about how to approach your research. Searching for background information is different from searching for sources you intend to cite in your paper. The purpose of finding background information is to help you become familiar with your topic before you search for sources.

Background information not only informs your own understanding, but it also helps you identify keywords and information that might be useful to your search strategy. As you search for background information, record any words, phrases, or information that you think might be significant. Background information can be found in articles, websites, textbooks, dictionaries, general encyclopedias, subject-specific encyclopedias, and more. Remember to evaluate the sources from which you collect background information. It is important that the information you use is trustworthy.